Odus Creamer Horney was an officer of the U.S. Army from 1891 to 1930. Horney transferred from infantry to ordnance in 1894. He co-designed the M1903 Springfield rifle and invented the smokeless powder plant factory. During World War I, Horney returned to serve as lieutenant colonel, colonel and brigadier general. In 1919, Horney was reappointed as lieutenant colonel and later served as ordnance officer of the Philippine Department.
"}{"type":"standard","title":"85 mm air defense gun M1939 (52-K)","displaytitle":"85 mm air defense gun M1939 (52-K)","namespace":{"id":0,"text":""},"wikibase_item":"Q706907","titles":{"canonical":"85_mm_air_defense_gun_M1939_(52-K)","normalized":"85 mm air defense gun M1939 (52-K)","display":"85 mm air defense gun M1939 (52-K)"},"pageid":5822411,"thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/52-%D0%9A.JPG/330px-52-%D0%9A.JPG","width":320,"height":227},"originalimage":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/52-%D0%9A.JPG","width":4872,"height":3456},"lang":"en","dir":"ltr","revision":"1285579017","tid":"89da43e4-193c-11f0-bdde-993857c5477f","timestamp":"2025-04-14T14:27:05Z","description":"Anti-aircraft gun","description_source":"local","content_urls":{"desktop":{"page":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/85_mm_air_defense_gun_M1939_(52-K)","revisions":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/85_mm_air_defense_gun_M1939_(52-K)?action=history","edit":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/85_mm_air_defense_gun_M1939_(52-K)?action=edit","talk":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:85_mm_air_defense_gun_M1939_(52-K)"},"mobile":{"page":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/85_mm_air_defense_gun_M1939_(52-K)","revisions":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/85_mm_air_defense_gun_M1939_(52-K)","edit":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/85_mm_air_defense_gun_M1939_(52-K)?action=edit","talk":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:85_mm_air_defense_gun_M1939_(52-K)"}},"extract":"The 85Â mm air defense gun M1939 (52-K) was an 85Â mm (3.3Â in) Soviet anti-aircraft gun, developed under guidance of leading Soviet designers M. N. Loginov and G. D. Dorokhin. This gun was successfully used throughout the Second World War against level bombers and other high- and medium-altitude targets. In emergencies they were utilized as powerful anti-tank weapons. The barrel of the 52-K was the basis for the family of 85-mm Soviet tank guns. After the war some 52-Ks were refitted for peaceful purposes as anti-avalanche guns in mountainous terrain.","extract_html":"
The 85Â mm air defense gun M1939 (52-K) was an 85Â mm (3.3Â in) Soviet anti-aircraft gun, developed under guidance of leading Soviet designers M. N. Loginov and G. D. Dorokhin. This gun was successfully used throughout the Second World War against level bombers and other high- and medium-altitude targets. In emergencies they were utilized as powerful anti-tank weapons. The barrel of the 52-K was the basis for the family of 85-mm Soviet tank guns. After the war some 52-Ks were refitted for peaceful purposes as anti-avalanche guns in mountainous terrain.
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